Human Nature Exposed in Animal Farm :: Animal Farm

  Human Nature Exposed in zoology Farm                   wight Farm by George Orwell is a refreshing based on the lives of  a society of animals living on  the Manor Farm.  Although the title of the book suggests the book is merely about animals, the story is a very much more in depth analysis of the workings of society in Communist Russia. The animals are used as puppets to illustrate how the communist class body operated, and how Russian citizens responded to this, and how propaganda was used by early Russian leaders such as Stalin, and the effect this type of leadership had on the behaviour of  the people of Russia.      matchless thing which relates to the topic is how the pigs are favoured on Animal Farm. The main source for this was because their leader Napolean was a pig, the pigs were subject to favouritism by Napolean, and were given privileges that other animals were non given , such as sleeping in beds, wearing clothes and drinking beer. The pigs were also the only animals involved in making the vital decisions on Animal Farm.   The fact emulates in a way how our Government tends to operate.  The Government Party members are paid an exuberant amount of money, with this money the members of the Government can get costly cars and houses, if they wish to do so.  They make all the important decisions about the country where as the tax payers rarely have a say in it.        Another thing that Animal Farm and modern society have in common is that the powerless people are subject to propaganda . In Animal Farm Squealer and Napolean used propaganda by telling the animals that Snowball was a traitor, and convincing them that he was a criminal. They threatened that if Napolean was not in leadership Jones whitethorn come back. This happens in our society during the election period , the opposing parties all warn the public of the c onsequences of voting the other party, and how bad it would be if they were in power.    The bang of Boxer the horse represents how people are used for their skills and talents.  As soon as they are not needed they are disregarded. Boxer was the hardest worker on the farm, he contributed the most to the development of the windmill.  As soon as Boxer was unable to continue working, Napolean got rid of him.

Jane Eyre :: essays papers

Jane EyreThroughout history in literature achievements of widening popularity always seem to create tension. In Charlotte Brontes novel, Jane Eyre, the following of dependence and self-fulfillment is confronted by her romantic characteristics in a Victorian age. What makes Victorians Victorian is their sense of social responsibility, a basic attitude that obviously differentiates them from their neighboring(a) predecessors, the Romantics(Landow 1) who are more open-minded, much like Jane. Although her romantic qualities simply identify herself , they create tension between the Victorian ideas of gender, status, realness, passion and emotion. The uniqueness of Janes personal and aesthetical identity is confronted by the containment of feminism and stature. The tension between Jane and those who are under Victorian beliefs, such as Mr.Brocklehurst, and Mrs.Reed is created directly by their indifferences towards women and the poor. The feminisitic views that are abundant in Janes life creates tension to the point where she has trouble settling into society, not just because of her over-jealous passions, but also because of her gender.(Jackson 1) Early in her life Jane encounters feminism not but on herself but many others. At Gateshead Jane is unaware of the purpose of Lowood School and indeed would like to go to school(Bronte 30) despite not knowing its reputation. At Lowood School Jane encounters the gender problem which puts herself and the others into a position which isnt favoured. The black pillar(Bronte 63) upholding the conditions of feminism at Lowood is Mr.Brocklehurst who has a superior effect. The authoritarianism of Brocklehurst is exemplified by the intention to take them to clothe themselves with shame-facedness and sobriety(Bronte 75). The reason behind his cruelty to the students is of intentions not to mortify in these girls the lusts of the flesh but to render them hardy, patient, and self-denying. Although feminism is evid ent for the reasoning of Brocklehurst, Maggie crisphead lettuce states that Lowood deprived its pupils of their female individuality because of their corporate identity as orphans.(48) This prudence towards the originality of Jane and the other students creates a level of stature that isnt respected by the higher post of Lowood. The custom of feminism in the Victorian age is riddled by this status which Jane encounters while growing up as an orphan. It is abundantly evident that women continue to rank as second-class citizens(Norton 903) to men and Jane realizes this through her work as a governess.

Smuggling Of Nuclear Material Essay -- essays research papers

Smuggling of Nuclear bodilyOver the past five long time the former states of the Soviet Union haventbeen able to pr up to nowt the leakage of atomic material. Nuclear materials andtechnologies are more accessible now than at any former(a) time in history, due tothe breakup of the Soviet Union and the worsening of economic conditions. Nolonger does the Soviet KGB, the Soviet military and the Soviet mold guardshave the control to stop the smuggling of nuclear materials. With the Cold Warbeing over, there is a huge stockpile of over 100 nuclear sites (See Appendix A).Russia, alone has an inventory of 1,300 tons of highly enriched uranium (HEU),and 165 tons of weapon usable plutonium. Such material is coming into high request on the market. Terrorist, organized crime and countries with nuclearambition, are high bid contenders for the material. The United States is alsobecoming involved for the safety of preventing a nuclear disaster. The U.S. has adept begun their large task and with Russias worsening economy, smuggling ofnuclear material will continue.During the Cold War the security of Soviet nuclear weapons and missilematerials was based on a highly centralized military system and operating withina strong political authority. The workers back then where well disciplined and from each one individual new his/her role. The workers were among the best treated andloyal to the Russian military. They are now suffering hardships and are forcedto scavenge anything to pay for their food, rent and genial services.A new trend is already occurring with some of the workers . There arethose that will seek employment out of the nuclear field and in the commercialsector, where salaries are higher. Then the unfortunate who lose their jobs andfind no work. The scarier thought is that the uncontempt people in Russiasnuclear complex with access to nuclear materials will bewray themselves, to make aquick buck. Most suppliers of nuclear material, were insiders who had worked orw ere then working at nuclear research institutes or naval bases. Mostperpetrators had no customers in hand but new that a quick profit existed (SeeAppendix B).The first confirmed case involving the diversion of HEU occurred at theLuch Scientific output signal Association in Podolsk. Between May and September of... ...The smuggling of nuclear material out of Russia has become proratable tothe low income worker as well as to the benefit of terrorist, organism crime andnuclear research centers. There exist no security at most of the nuclearfacilities and so apprehending the material is cede easy. More cases ofunsuccessful attempts are becoming known to the media, but any successfulattempts the government, both Russia and the U.S have decline to answer. Ifleft unchecked it may even escalate to the complex level of drug smuggling.Work Cited ListThomas B. Cochran, Robert S. Norriss, Making the Russian Bomb FromStalin to Yelsin, Boulder, CO Westview Press, 1995.John Deutch, The Threat of Nuclear deviation Statement for Record,CIA, March 20, 1996.Alexei Lebedev, in Russian Weapons Plutonium Storage Termed Unsafe byMinatom Official, Nucleonics Week, April 28, 1994.Weclliam C. Potter, Arms Control Today, Monterey Institute ofInternation Studies, October 1995.Paul Woessner, Nuclear Material Trafficking An Interim Assessment, Bridgeway

Rape fantasies :: essays research papers

Written in 1977, "Rape Fantasies" appears to be a recap of a communion among several women during their lunch hour, a few of them playing bridge, one--Chrissy the receptionist--reading aloud from a tabloid. When Chrissy asks the question, "How about it, girls, do you have rape fantasies?" the story unfolds with separately womans response, all retold from the location of Estelle, whos doing her best to deflect the entire conversation by concentrating on her bidding.The conversation is tragically ironic, moving from woman to woman, Darlene calling the entire subject "disgusting," Greta describing a Tarzan-like scenario, Chrissy describing hers in a bubble bath, when Estelle, ever the voice of reason, reminds them that what theyre describing are sexual fantasies "Listen . . . those arent rape fantasies. I mean, you arent getting raped, its clean some guy you havent met formally who happens to be more attractive than Derek Cummins . . . and you have a goo d time. Rape is when theyve got a knife or something and you dont want to" (104.)Estelle then describes her rape fantasy where she deflects her attacker by squirting juice from a plastic lemon in his eyes ("You should hear the one about the Easy Off Cleaner"), but in like manner includes the one where "this short, ugly fellow comes up and grabs my arm . . . and I say, kind of disgusted, Oh for Chrissake, and he starts to cry," which prompts a wave of sympathy in Estelle (106). And there are more, each with Estelle warding off her attacker through outsmarting him ("Ive just found out I have leukemia"), or talking him out of it.As the narrative continues, the reader becomes cognizant that Estelle is addressing someone in addition to the reader--"I hope you dont mind me holding my nose like this . . ." (107) and that person is probably a man (twice Estelle says, "But I guess its different for a guy"). As the story ends, we realize that Estel le all a abundant has been in a bar, speaking to a man she has just met, worrying about the possibility she will be raped by him. "Like, how could a fellow do that to a person hes just had a long conversation with, once you let them know youre human, you have a life too, I dont see how they could go ahead with it, right?

The Radical Period of The French Revolution Essay -- European Europe H

The Radical Period of The French Revolution By the finis of 1971, Europe was preparing to witness the end of aseemingly triumphant revolution in France. The country was restructuringits government in a forceful and bloodless manner, while the tyrant KingLouis the 16 agreed to the demands of the masses (albeit without muchchoice). However, due to the fanatical aspirations of men such as Danton,Marat and Robespierre,it would be only a matter of months before themoderate storey of social and political reform was transformed into aradical phase of barbaric and violent force. In their quest for emancipation,equality and fraternity, the leaders of the Jacobins inadvertently rancidthe revolution into an oligarchic dictatorship that threatened to destroyall that was achieved in the previous two years of insurrection. The revolution took a sharp turn on August 9th, 1792. The Municipalgovernment was overthrown in Paris and a Commune was established by theleaders of the radical force s. During this time there were continual nutrientriots erupting in every area of the country and, with the threat of waragainst Austria and Prussia looming, it was vital that revision was to bemaintained during such tumultuous times. Although the constitution wasalready enshrined and the citizens had their freedom and liberties, therewas still plenty of public dissent and disapproval as to whether or notthese laws would help create a new government and hold back the country frombreaking apart. The people had come this far and were not prepared to watchtheir efforts lead to failure or the restoration of an absolute monarch. Asa result, the radical forces were able to gain the support of the citizensin declaring that the ... ...) whoallegedly opposed the will of the Jacobins, and therefore opposed the willof the republic. Robespierre never intended to justify his ends finishedsuch violent means. 1793 marked a year that could have been prevented, a period that shouldnever have befallen the liberated citizens of France. Mirabeau warned thatthe destruction of the Monarchy would plunge the country into outlawry andhis words rang true. France was not prepared for such social and politicalupheaval, and the resulting shift towards a republic would change thecountry forever. The Jacobins discarded their holy bible, the constitution,in order to ensure the security and stability of the country. Not only didtheir hasty actions backfire, but the tens of thousands of lives thatperished during their reign symbolized the radical stage of the revolutionin all its bloody glory.

The Radical Period of The French Revolution Essay -- European Europe H

The Radical Period of The French Revolution By the end of 1971, Europe was preparing to witness the end of aseemingly imperious revolution in France. The country was restructuringits presidency in a forceful and bloodless manner, while the tyrant KingLouis the XVI agreed to the demands of the masses (albeit without more thanchoice). However, due to the fanatical aspirations of men such as Danton,Marat and Robespierre,it would be only a matter of months before themoderate stage of social and political mitigate was transformed into aradical phase of barbaric and violent force. In their quest for freedom,equality and fraternity, the leaders of the Jacobins inadvertently turnedthe revolution into an oligarchic absolutism that threatened to destroyall that was achieved in the previous two years of insurrection. The revolution took a sharp turn on August 9th, 1792. The Municipalgovernment was overthrown in Paris and a Commune was established by theleaders of the radical forces. During this time there were continual foodriots erupting in every region of the country and, with the threat of wara stoolst Austria and Prussia looming, it was vital that order was to bemaintained during such tumultuous times. Although the constitution wasalready enshrined and the citizens had their freedom and liberties, therewas still lot of public dissent and disapproval as to whether or notthese laws would help create a new government and prevent the country frombreaking apart. The nation had come this far and were not fain to watchtheir efforts lead to failure or the restoration of an absolute monarch. Asa result, the radical forces were able to gain the support of the citizensin declaring that the ... ...) whoallegedly opposed the will of the Jacobins, and therefore opposed the willof the republic. Robespierre never intended to justify his ends throughsuch violent means. 1793 marked a year that could have been prevented, a period that shouldnever have befallen the li berated citizens of France. Mirabeau warned thatthe destruction of the Monarchy would plunge the country into anarchy andhis words rang true. France was not prepared for such social and politicalupheaval, and the resulting shift towards a republic would change thecountry forever. The Jacobins discarded their holy bible, the constitution,in order to ensure the security and stableness of the country. Not only didtheir hasty actions backfire, but the tens of thousands of lives thatperished during their reign symbolized the radical stage of the revolutionin all its bloody glory.

Affect of Unemployment in Economy Essay

Un function (or joblessness) occurs when volume atomic number 18 with discover work and actively seeking work. The unemployment score is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated as a percentage by dividing the issue of fired individuals by all individuals currently in the cut into force. During periods of recession, an economy usually experiences a relatively high unemployment rate.2 According to International Labour Organization report, more than 197 million people globally are break through of work or 6% of the worlds workforce were with off a job in 2012.There remains considerable theoretical debate regarding the causes, consequences and solutions for unemployment. chaste economics, New classical economics, and the Austrian School of economics argue that market mechanisms are reliable means of resolving unemployment. These theories argue against interventions imposed on the delve market from the outside, such as unionization, bureaucratic work rule s, minimum wage laws, taxes, and other regulations that they claim discourage the hiring of workers.How does unemployment affect the economy? Some of the well-known cause of unemployment on the economy are Unemployment financial costs The government and the nation suffer. In many countries the government has to pay the unemployed some benefits. The greater the number of the unemployed or the longer they are without work the more m aney the government has to shell out. Therefore, the nation not only has to deal with the lost income and diminish production but in any case with additional cost. Spending authorThe spending power of an unemployed person and his/her family decreases drastically and they would rather save than spend their money, which in turn affects the economy adversely. Reduced spending power of the employed affixd taxes and the insecurity about their own work may affect the spending power of the working people as well and they too may start to spend less than befor e thus affecting the economy and also the family in a ban manner. RecessionWith the increase rates of unemployment other economy factors are significantly affected, such as the income per person, health costs, quality of health-care, type of leaving and poverty. All these affect not just the economy but the entire systems and the society in general. Here are some aspects of the impact of unemployment on our society The effect of unemployment on our societyUnemployment affects not just the person himself but also his/her family and in the long run the society where he lives. Unemployment brings with it despair, unhappiness and anguish. It forces people to live their lives in a way they do not wish to The life expectancy is negatively affected. Life expectancy is the ease by which people living in a time/place are able to satisfy their needs/wants. Here are the main aspects1. Mental health Mental health problems like Law self-confidence, feeling unworthy, depression and hopeless ness. With the lost income and the frustration involved in it, the recently unemployed may develop negative attitudes toward common things in life and may feel that all sense of purpose is lost. Frequent emotions could be low self-esteem, inadequateness and feeling dejected and hopeless. 2. wellness diseases The unemployment overall tension can increase dramatically general health issues of individuals.3. focus at home Quarrels and arguments at home front which may prevail to tension and increased numbers of divorces etc. 4. Political issues Loss of trust in administration and the government which may lead to political instability 5. Tension over taxes rise Unemployment also brings up discontent and frustration amongst the tax paying citizens. In order to meet the call fors of the unemployment fund the government many a times may have to increase the taxes thus giving way to restlessness amongst the tax paying citizens. 6. Insecurity amongst employees The prevailing unemployment and the plight of the unemployed people and their families may create fear and insecurity even in the currently employed people. 7. Crime and violence Increase in the rate of crime.8. Suicide cases Increase in the rate of suicide attempts and actual suicides as well. 9. Social outing Unemployment may bring a decrease in social outings and interactions with other people, including friends. 10. make Unemployment brings with more than just no work. It also brings with it the disgrace that the person has to bear. Nobody likes to be termed as unemployed.11. Standard of leaving In times of unemployment the ambition for jobs and the negotiation power of the individual decreases and thus also the living standard of people with the salaries packages and income reduced. 12. Employment gaps To further complicate the situation the longer the individual is out of job the more difficult it becomes to find one. Employers find employment gasps as a negative aspect. No one wants to hire a person who has been out of work for some time even when theres no fault of the individual per say. 13. Lose of skills usage The unemployed is not able to throw away his/her skills to use. And in a situation where it goes on for too long the person may have to lose some of his/her skillsBenefitsThe primary benefit of unemployment is that people are available for hire, without being headhunted away from their existing employers. This permits new and old businesses to take on staff. Unemployment is arguedcitation needed to be beneficial to the people who are not unemployed in the sense that it averts inflation, which itself has damaging effects, by providing (in Marxian terms) a reserve army of labour, that keeps issue in check. still the direct connection between full local employment and local inflation has been disputed by some due to the recent increase in international profession that supplies low-priced goods even while local employment rates rise to full employment.Full employment cannot be achieved because workers would shirk if they were not threatened with the possibility of unemployment. The curve for the no-shirking condition (labeled NSC) goes to infinity at full employment as a result. The inflation-fighting benefits to the entire economy arising from a presumed optimum level of unemployment has been studied extensively. The Shapiro-Stiglitz model suggests that wages are not receive down sufficiently to ever reach 0% unemployment. This occurs because employers know that when wages decrease, workers will shirk and expend less effort. Employers avoid shirking by preventing wages from decreasing so low that workers give up and become unproductive.These higher wages perpetuate unemployment while the threat of unemployment reduces shirking. Before current levels of world trade were developed, unemployment was demonstrated to reduce inflation, following the Phillips curve, or to decelerate inflation, following the NAIRU/natural rate of unemployment theory, since it is relatively easy to seek a new job without losing ones current one. And when more jobs are available for fewer workers (lower unemployment), it may allow workers to find the jobs that better fit their tastes, talents, and needs. As in the Marxian theory of unemployment, especial(a) interests may also benefit some employers may expect that employees with no fear of losing their jobs will not work as hard, or will demand increased wages and benefit. According to this theory, unemployment may promote general labour productivity and profitability by increasing employers rationale for their monopsony-like power (and profits).Optimal unemployment has also been defended as an environmental tool to brake the constantly accelerated growth of the GDP to maintain levels sustainable in the context of resource constraints and environmental impacts. However the tool of denying jobs to willing workers seems a blunt instrument for conserving resources and the environment it reduces the consumption of the unemployed across the board, and only in the short term. Full employment of the unemployed workforce, all focused toward the goal of developing more environmentally efficient methods for production and consumption might provide a more significant and perpetual cumulative environmental benefit and reduced resource consumption .If so the future economy and workforce would benefit from the resultant structural increases in the sustainable level of GDP growth. Some critics of the culture of work such as anarchist Bob Black see employment as overemphasized culturally in modern countries. Such critics often propose quitting jobs when possible, working less, reassessing the cost of living to this end, creation of jobs which are fun as opposed to work, and creating cultural norms where work is seen as unhealthy.

Flooring Company Business Plan Essay

JD glue has established a website that gives general information close to products and services. The website get out be developed with more detailed functions so it can offer customer services standardized consultation, Q&A, and reservations. Also, JD Epoxy plans to use the website for links to separate social media like Facebook, Youtube and Blogger to connect with customers more closely, and there result be video materials introducing the JD Epoxy team that go out deliver a friendly and authorized image to customers.Presently Daniel minimizes costs by managing the business from his home. He rents grinders, vacuums, and application tools from Gestion Anny-Picard, and Simplex. He purchases supplies on a per-project basis from CTM adhesives. He plans to open a store in the West Island area as his client base increases, in order to keep an inventory of supplies and purchase equipment. As business continues to grow, he leave behind add an office space to the warehouse.Presentl y all of the installation work is done by Daniel and Yannick. As contracts increase, they will need to hire additional labor, which will enable them to concentrate on other tasks. The usual installation process takes a couple of days, so having multiple teams will boost the productivity of the business. For the term being Daniel will continue to deal with customers directly by phone and by visiting them in person for estimations. Once financing is ready, JD Epoxy will set up a customer service part to deal with clients. The customer service division will answer the phone, respond to questions and take reservations from customers, as well as attending to the website services. The team will be composed of at least two people in the causening, so that they can orb break successions, since there should be constant service during business hours. Once website traffic and call volume increases, the customer service team will be expanded to limit wait times.When a customer calls for a consultation, Daniel visits in person to give a more detailed quote and provide explanations well-nigh the service procedures. This is a very important role in this business since customers can change their minds during this step, so it requires someone with professional fill outledge and great intercourse skills to interact with the customer. That is why Daniel prefers to visit customers himself at this point rather than sending an employee.However, JD Epoxy will start to prepare a sales consultation department for the future. There will be intense training for customer visitation and quoting. The sales consultation department will be necessary when appointments increase and will allow a more flexible schedule to customers, since overlapping appointments will be possible once the department is in place. The sales consultation department is very important in the JD Epoxy organization since they will represent the company on the front line and speak on behalf of the company, bring ing in actual contracts that lead to profits.The accounting department will deal with financing, taxes, and payroll. This department should be organized from the beginning, since JD Epoxy is a partnership, and delegating the accounting work to a third party will give a more objective overview of the companys financial state and preserves a fair relationship between the partners. The accounting department will start with one inside book keeper working in liaison with an external accounting firm, until JD Epoxy can select a CFO.JD Epoxy will establish a marketing team which will support the sales department by providing intention regions and information for sales pitches. This department will work closely with the sales and accounting departments to coordinate the marketing budget and set sales objectives. JD Epoxy will have a general administration department that organizes documents and handles day-to-day office tasks such as routing calls and dealing with suppliers. This departmen t has an important role because they act as the glue that binds all the other departments together, tracking procedures from beginning to end. This department will start with one employee, and expand as needed.These five departments should fit together like nuts and bolts. Each department needs the others support at all times. They should be able to share their opinions and information openly. There will be repair meetings and events with all departments present to encourage teamwork and motivation. The glue of the business will center around a management software that Daniel will program. This software will bring home the bacon clients doneout the whole workflow of the business.All departments will work on the same software and they will update the customer information as it passes through the business marketing to sales, to production, and finally to clientele satisfaction. This software will track all information of the client and respective projects. At the end of the year, we will know exactly the sales ratio per marketing tool and per period, the gallons bought and used, the hourly estimates and charges, etc. We will then precisely analyze the business and be able to cover faults rapidly.Work FlowOrganizational Structure GoalJD EpoxyBased on the sales projection JD Epoxy sales revenue will be around $75,000 in 2013 and grow to $150,000, $300,000, and $500,000 in the following years. The SME report (NAICS code 23833), shows how much members of this industry are toping for wages and labor. For instance, companies with revenue around $70,000 spend $11,000 for wages and labor, while those with revenue around $300,000 spend $77,000 for wages and labor. Since we should include the CEOs salary in this cost, from 2013 to 2016, JD Epoxy cannot pay for full time employees they can only afford part time employees when needed. In 2017, JD Epoxy can start to offer full time positions to part time employees and begin hiring full time employees thereafter.

Teoria De Los Rasgos Del Liderazgo Education Essay

La teor a se basa de la propuesta de que los lderes eficaces disfrutan de rasgos y caracter sticas personales que pueden influir casualmente con EL exito. Los lideres que alcanza EL exito, alcanza una altura city manager de un pipe noventa, esta teoria sostiene que aparte de este resultado responde asi a tal caracteristica. Se admite que los lideres deben tener rasgos en comun, pero EL concepto esencial, es mas alla de los numeros de rasgos, existe una relacion insouciant entre estos Y sobre EL triunfo del lider.Segun los autores Ordway Tead, Chester Barnard 1 Y Erwin Schell que se destacaron asi en la escuela de los rasgos, ellos mencionan que esta teoria sostiene a traves de los rasgos del liderazgo esta difundido en la poblacion y puede observase Y medir, su posicion Es vinculada con EL logro que tiene EL liderazgo.La hipotesis de la vacante del lider seria buscar un candidato con cualidades que se asocien con los lideres que logran exito.Esta teoria define Las caracteristicas en la mayoria de los individuos categorizandolos como atrevido, como character sociales, honradas y timidas. La personalidad estudiada en terminos de interaccion de los rasgos mas o menos independientes, Las actitudes y valores.Si las educadoras o docentes en cada faceta de su rol procuran comportarse de una manera mas adecuada, entonces este docente estara ensenando a Sus alumnos ( as ) a comunicarse Y a desenvolverse de modo mas armonico y justo, esto precisamente de lo que trata la formacion del lider.2.3.6 Teoria de la Interaccion del liderazgo.Esta teoria Se caracteriza Al enfoque de la importancia que aseguran La interacciones entre la educadora y Sus alumnos.Esta teoria tiene como fundamento en la proposicion de exigencia de situaciones y necesidades tanto emotivas como intelectuales, requeridas analogy efectuar asi una tarea parity que influya en la eleccion de un lider. Esta interaccion entre lideres y los grupos que desarrollan una actividad tal que constantemente asignan roles del lider hacia los miembros de un grupo. En esta teoria existe La traslacion Y asimilacion de actividades y funciones a realizar en el lider que pueden ser asumidas por un miembro del grupo, lo que permite asimilar facilmente el rol del lider. Esta teoria Se caracteriza Al enfoque de la importancia que aseguran La interacciones entre la educadora y Sus alumnos.2.6 Liderazgo Transaccional y transformacional.El lider transaccional Es aquel donde EL lider reconoce lo que quiere conseguir en el trabajo Y lo garantiza con conseguir los resultados requeridos. Este liderazgo O EL lider intercambian estimulos por respuestas a La vez responde a los intereses de las characters con quien trabaja Si ellos mismo responde a su trabajo. Hace ampliar EL esfuerzo que conduce Al desempeno esperado.Los lideres transaccionales reconocen las necesidades de Sus subordinadores para asi cumplir los objetivos propuestos. Aclaran las funciones y las tareas organizacionales, instauran una estructura o rganizacional, permite Al desempeno Y toman en cuenta asi Las necesidades sociales de los seguidores. Trabaja intensamente vitamin E intenta dirigir a La organizacion con eficiencia Y eficacia.Liderazgo transformacional como opuesto Al liderazgo transaccional que Es mas rutinario Y diario ( Bernard Boss 1981 ) .Este liderazgo logra excepcionales efecto en los subordinados cambiando asi La bases motivacional del individuo desde una motivacion comun hasta llevarla Al compromiso a su vez eleva los deseos de logro y autodesarrollo de los seguidores y a su vez promueve EL desarrollo de grupo y organizaciones.Los lideres transformacionales articulan una vision vitamin E inspiraran a Sus seguidores y poseen asi La capacidad de influir, de adecuar la cultura organizacional Y de hacer en ambiente favourable parity EL cambio organizacional. 1 Fue un estadounidense de negocios ejecutivos, administrador publico, y el autor de un trabajo pionero en la gestion de la teoria y los estudios organiz acionales.

Employment and Total Rewards

Introduction The aim of this paper seeks to examine the concept of nitty-gritty rewards in the process of increasing prominence in governings. match Rewards is surmount described as a business strategy that includes financial and non-financial complementary elements designed to recruit, develop, retain and motivate employees(OSP 2003). Employees working for a total rewards employer hunt to be more prompt, productive, and adroit. (eHow 1999) As a result is the business thrives(eHow 1999) and prominence. In this paper, I will following this concept to explore more expatiate of effectiveness total reward in the organisation prominence.The concept of rewards has developed over the clipping to represent more than just to devote cheque an employee at the end of the month. The concept of total rewards was emerged in the 1990s as a new way of thinking about the deployment of compensation and benefits, combined with other veridical and impalpables ways that ac political party seek to attract best people. (Richard val del Walt 2010) As defined by Manus and Graham (2003), total reward includes all types of rewards-indirect as healthy as direct, and intrinsic as hygienic as extrinsic. Michael Armstrong 2006) The direct reward is what an employee receives from the employer in bank account such as base wage, bonuses, commission. substantiative rewards, often called benefits refers to that part of the total reward package in addition to direct remunerate, such as health & life insurance cover, retirement & pension reach plans, health care, comp whatsoever car and mobile phone (Koala Consulting and Training 2008). There are extrinsic rewards, which cover the raw material needs of income to survive (to pay bills), a feeling of stability and consistency (the pedigree is secure), and recognition (my workplace values my skills).On the other hand, there are intrinsic rewards, the most heavy of which is probably job satisfaction, a feeling of completing challeng es competently, enjoyment, and even perhaps the social interactions which arise from the workplace. (Koala Consulting and Training 2008) The ability link and balance all aspects of rewards together helps organisations come across the motivation, commitment, engagement and phylogenesis of employees. The consequence is profitability, efficiency and prominence in organisation.The most companies who use the total reward strategy simply mean to interpret benefits and a positive place to work (Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R. Schuster 2002), notwithstanding this adjudges a company attractive to the workforce in everyday but perhaps not to those who will make enterprise prosper. The companies need to fashion workplace to be attractive to people who are wanted to adding value to the business. (Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R. Schuster 2002) To increase prominence and efficiency in organisations is responsible equally as an employer, as employees.The employer responsible to creates an at mosphere in which the best people will want to work in company. It is true that the best people will work more than pay. (Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R. Schuster 2002). The total rewards scheme concept is simply about the creating an atmosphere by financial and non-financial benefits confiden to employees in trade for their service, time, abilities and their efforts to support the company. The top talent (Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R. Schuster 2000) wants to work for the company provide better workforce deal that involves the four total rewards components.The compiling future is of import for the employees, because they want to be able to draw self-esteem and satisfaction from working in the organisation. Employees want to feel that the organisation has optimistic and positive vision, direction and issue of the future and a set of values that they abide support. (Employement studies n d) The company that focuses on individual growth gives hazard an employee for training, coa ching and personal growing. (Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R.Schuster 2002) analogouswise, the employee wants to work in organisation where workplace is positive. This means best leadership, team working and open communication. Roles and working environment should be designed around employees (Employement studies n d), with a focus on their future study. Employees need to feel that what they do is important and to understand how their role relates to the organisations goals. (Employement studies n d). The last component is total pay. heart pay involves basic pay, murder-related pay, benefits, and feedback or recognition.All the elements that involve total pay are skillful way to address individual need and preference. (Employement studies n d) For example, mathematical operation-related pay to emphasise results benefits to provide security system from life and health hazards, in addition to holidays, recognition and feedback. (Employement studies n d) Some companies crapper balance the four components or choose the only one, for example some companies may arrest truly strong total pay, but the poor work environment. Other companies may extradite weaker total pay but develop people, provide a positive workplace.Also, there are five elements of total rewards model, WorldatWork (2011) presented the each of which helps to make the strategy to attract, motivate and retain employees. These elements are compensation, benefits, work-life balance, performance & recognition and development and career opportunities. The compensation includes four basic components, such as fixed pay Also known as basic pay, fixed pay is nondiscretionary compensation that does not vary according to performance or results achieved. It usually is determined by the brass sections pay philosophy and structure.Variable pay Also known as pay at risk, variable pay changes directly with the level of performance or results achieved. It is a one-time payment and must be re-establishe d and re-earned each performance period. Short-term incentive pay a form of variable pay, short-term incentive pay is designed to focus and reward performance over a period of one course of study or less. Long-term incentive pay a form of variable pay, immense-term incentive pay is designed to focus and reward performance over a period longer than one year. Typical forms include stock options, restricted stock, performance ploughshares, performance units and cash. SARA 2010) Hroot ( 2007) said while one of the most traditional elements of total rewards, it remains a essential for business success. Benefits area constantly challenged and expanding during the last time from just , holiday, health-care benefits to benefits programs which protect employees and their families from financial risks and can categorized such as retirement and medical and dental insurance, as well as non-traditional programs, such as identity theft and pet insurance. Life-balance area focused to help em ployees do their job effectively, such as flexible scheduling, telecommuting, child-care programs, etc.In talent management, performance involves the association of organizational and individual goals toward business success. Recognition is a way for employers to pay special attention to workers for their accomplishments, behaviours and successes. Recognition is necessary to support the value of performance improvement and supercharge positive communication and feedback. Development a set of learning experiences designed to improve employees practical skills and competencies. Development engages employees to perform better and engages leaders to advance their organizations people strategies. Career pportunities area focuses on the planning for employees to go forward their career goals, and a more responsible position in an organization. The development and career opportunities involve the learning opportunities and coaching, such as new technology training, attendance at outside seminars, conferences, virtual education, leadership training and formal or informal mentoring programs. (SARA 2010) Full understanding of total rewards concept, key components and elements give opportunity to implement the total reward strategy to attract best people, talent, keep them and have them perform well.After all, effective reward systems help an organization not just retain key employees, but also be more competitive and stamp down turnover. The ability to understand the purpose of total rewards helps recognise and identify the main powerful types of total rewards to be more competitive and avoid the staff turnover. mental faculty turnover is the most serious problem for the company. The reasons to leave the organisations are Im not sure theres a future here for me. , I just dont feel like this is the right place for me. , Im not sure I want to be doing this for the rest of my life. and I think I can make more money elsewhere. (The Vision Link Advisory Group n d) With an understanding of the reasons people leave an organization, the organisations can easily to improve these areas of an organizations by using the total rewards strategy to creating and sustaining a culture that is not copy able which is essential to maintaining a competitive advantage in the market place(The Vision Link Advisory Group n d), but if the company will ignore the reasons why people leave the company, there are affecting them in umpteen a(prenominal) ways, such as high staff turnover, conflict, stress, low productivity, bad company image and lose of the business.The main issue to implement the total rewards strategy is turnover. There are umpteen consequences such as lost of best employees, time and cost of choice and recruitment process, poor performance, conflict, stress and poor company image. The turnover is split on two categories voluntary turnover where employee chooses to leave. The key reasons include better career opportunities development, increased c ompensation and better work environment.Involuntary turnover is when employer is asked to leave for reasons including poor performance or development, an improper behaviour and attendance of employee. To replaces an employee the HR Management department, which is responsible for the recruitment and selection process should prepared all pertinent procedures to recruit new worker. Recruitment and selection process are very expensive and also considers the costs and consequences of employee turnover.There are financial, community and workforce impact. Every time an employee leaves and has to be replaced, an operation incurs a look of direct financial costs, including administration costs associated with processing resignations and dismissal, time taken up in conducting exit interviews, productivity losses associated with impending departure. Lost productivity and additional costs such as overtime or contractor payments to cover for vacancies created by this departures.Recruitment c osts such as advertising, employment of job appear agencies, time and resources spent in processing applications, staff time involved in selection interviews. Also the training and start-up costs, because the time of trainers and staff and of new employees taken up in inductions and on the job training, loss of productivity until the new employee annoyes full production potential. (David Brereton, Mining David, Ruth Beach. 2003) In fact, last year it was estimated that filling each staff vacancy in a business costs the employer between ? 4333 and ? 7750. (J. A.J Aaronson 2010) In addition to financial costs, high turnover is very negatively affects operational efficiency, such as a close teamwork, because instability in the workforce, consequences can include increased stress and tension amongst those remaining employees who have to fill the gaps left by departing employees, declining employee morale, and decreased productivity. (Pinkovitz, Moskal et al 1997)The companies which ha ve staff turnover cant to invest in training and career development for staff, which is so important for the employees, because have big looses in recruitment and selection process.The ability to implement and develop the total rewards system will give many a(prenominal) benefits to achieve organisational goals, make company efficient and prominent. The benefits of total rewards approach are greater impact- the combined effect of the disparate types of rewards will make a deeper and long lasting impact on the motivation and commitment of people. (Michael Armstrong 2006) The total rewards and Maslows need hierarchy theory (1954) is very considered.Maslow proposed the motivation is a part of five basic needs-physiological, safeties, love, esteem and self-actualization and explained that a persons physiological needs must be firstly met followed by safety needs, and so on up the need hierarchy. When designing total reward strategy, employees multifarious needs must be well considere d, Maslows points will help the organization reach its expectation. (Zhou Jiang 2009) Employee will give their maximum when they motivated and have a feeling or trust that their efforts will be rewarded by the management.There are many factors that affect employee performance like working conditions, worker and employer relationship, training and development opportunities, job security, and companies overall policies and procedures for rewarding employees. Among all those factors which affect employee performance, motivation that comes with rewards is of utmost brilliance. (Nadia Sajjad Hafiza, Syed Sohaib Shah, Humera Jamsheed, Khalid Zaman 2011) A satisfied and motivated employee and work force by tangible and intangible rewards can definitely help sustain productivity.Job satisfaction plays an important role in employee commitment and in decrease employee absenteeism and boredom at work. Smith (1992) believed that job satisfaction could lead to cost reduction by reducing absenc es, errors and turnovers which leads to greater productivity and economic and industrial growth which is a major drive of most organisations. The result of total reward strategy is happy motivated employees and their appreciation, meeting the new challenges, positive and caring attitude from employer, and job rotation after attaining the goal. Nadia Sajjad Hafiza, Syed Sohaib Shah, Humera Jamsheed, Khalid Zaman 2011) The second benefit of total rewards is increased tractableness in the total rewards approach allows awards to be mixed to fit the heterogeneous needs of the employee. Flexibility has become an important factor in work-life balance. Organizations are recognizing the constraints many workers are facing and providing them with alternatives to ensure the motivational and emotional needs of the employees are met.Some flexibility rewards that have been implemented in many organizations are instilling various scheduling options and providing telecommuting options. More compa nies are instituting new work schedules which include longer days but shorter weeks, i. e. 4 days 10 hours as well as allowing employees to work from home. With technology becoming more advanced, employers can meet with employees via the web and documents can be faxed or emailed. Increased flexibility is both estimable to the employer and the employee. (Cyberessays, Divaqueen. 011) The other benefit of total rewards Michael Armstrong (2006) said is talent management- relational rewards (learning, development and work environment) help to deliver a positive psychological contract and this can serve as a differentiator in the recruitment market that is much more difficult to replicate than individual pay practices. The organisation can become an employer of choice and a great place to work the result is attracting and retaining the talent people it needs. There are many advantages from managing talent, such as makes company more competitive in competition.The company that try develo ping and producing super-talented people is always best to compare products or services to competitors. This important process of the company increased sales effectively and efficiently. With the position more competitive than the competition, a company can automatically effective market penetration and gain greater market share. Gain market share means more sales of the company increases significantly. (Business 2011) The ability correctly implements the total rewards strategy give organisations opportunity to become efficient and competitive over competitors.Mary Mosqueda, (2008) said developing the correct mix for the total rewards strategy is the key to employing and keeping the best talent. The first step is identifying the culture, employee climate, and employee demographics. This can be determined through an employee appraisal system, focus groups or key employee interviews. After identifying what drives employee motivation, commitment, and loyalty for organization, also the importance to determine how much organisation are willing to spend. The second step involves creating a road map or a total rewards philosophy/strategy.The importance of discussion on relevant question related to the total rewards strategy. The question such as What transactional and relational rewards company already offer? , What compensation, benefits and work/life programs should the company offer to remain competitive in industry? , What is overall commitment to companys financials and employees? , Who is the companys competitors and peers rewards programs? These entire questions give opportunity to think of development general total rewards strategy.Mary Mosqueda, (2008) said the third step is development of policies and procedures regarding the use of new benefits, learning environment, development and compensation systems. These policies establish the flow of the process and secure the lawfulness of both the company and employee. Management can easily include these police s into an employee manual or handbook. It is very important that senior management is on board with any changes or new policies with regard to employee total rewards programs, then, the fourth step in this process involves including top management from the beginning.Educating management on how to successfully implement these strategies with their employees is critical. Managers and employees need to understand the process and learn how total rewards can help them in achieving objectives and further companys financial goals. This can be achieved through different methods of communication. communion is next step of the implementation, which is vital to the successful result of total rewards strategy. If this is not communicated properly, it is all for naught.The communication of rewards strategy can be by emails, meetings, newsletters, representatives etc, Communication should support development strategy and achieve a win-win situation for both the organisation and employees. As emp loyees contribute to the organisation in achieving its goals, those same employees need to share in its success. To encourage this win-win situation, senior management needs to ensure that employees have a clear direction and that they feel valued by receiving appropriate rewards. (Michael Silverman, son of a bitch Reilly. N d) Also, the total rewards strategy has a poor result, if development and implementation process is incorrect, because applying too much motivation or offering too many rewards can also have a negative effect. Employees can become over-confident. They may feel that they are the bosses favourite workers, even if they start to slack off on their work and responsibilities or test the limits of their working relationship with their supervisors. (Amelia Jenkins, Demand Media n d) Anyway using total rewards strategy the organisation motivate, build a slap-up atmosphere and relationship with employee that fosters a sense of trust.In a good relationship, employees ma y feel respected and comfortable in their working environment. Providing rewards, both tangible and intangible make employees happier. Happier employees often perform better at work and proud of their company. Conclusion This essay examined the concept of total rewards and the reasons for its increasing prominence in organisation. The components, elements and benefits of total rewards make the clear understanding how it is important for the organisation on the whole.The total rewards have a positive influence on the employee base and the company, because the ability to give the right rewards to the right employee makes the win-win result. Employees who know they will be rewarded for their efforts, talent and development will continue to perform well and maintains employee satisfaction. When, employees talk about organisation with good reward system and their development, opportunities, good payments and environment, its make organisation more attractive. Over the time a reputation a nd company image go up.In addition, an organizations reputation makes an pattern on current and future clients, which can significantly improve the companys worth and profitability. There are more consequences of reward strategy such as happy and satisfy employees, good atmosphere, reduce the staff turnover, good reputation and profitability. It is make the organisation very prominent. References Michael Armstrong (2006). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. tenth ed. London Kogan Page Limited. p629 Michael Armstrong (2006). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. 10th ed. London Kogan Page Limited. 632. The Vision Link Advisory Group. (n d). Four Keys To Employee property True Total Rewards. Available http//www. vladvisors. com/images/PDF/VisionLink_Employee-Retention. pdf. drop dead accessed 6 January 2012. Mary Mosqueda, Compensation Practice Leader, Lockton Companies. (2008). The Impact of Total Rewards in a Downshifting Economy. Available http//www. lo ckton. com/Resource_/PageResource/PDFs/The%20Impact%20of%20TR%20in%20a%20Downshifting%20Economy. pdf. Last accessed 8 January 2012. Pinkovitz, W. H. , J. Moskal, et al. (1997) How much does your employee turnover cost?Center for Community Economic Development, University of Wisconsin. http//www. uwex. edu/ces/cced/publicat/turn. html, last accessed 7 January 2012. Amelia Jenkins, Demand Media. (n d). About Employee Motivation & Reward Systems. Available http//smallbusiness. chron. com/employee-motivation-reward-systems-15978. html. Last accessed 8 January 2012. Business. (2011). 3 Advantages of Talent Management Company. Available http//business-human-resources. chailit. com/3-advantages-of-talent-management-company-2. html. Last accessed 8 January 2012 Cyberessays, Divaqueen. (2011).Total rewards approach. Available http//www. cyberessays. com/Term-Paper-on-Total-Rewards-Approach/32691/. Last accessed 8 January 2012. ADP. (2010). Effective Talent Management Has Become an Essential outline for Organizational Success. Available http//www. adp. com/tools-and-resources/case-studies-white-papers//media/White%20Papers/NAS/WhitePaper_TalentManagement_HQ_v2. ashx. Last accessed 7 January 2012. David Brereton, Mining David, Ruth Beach. (2003). Employee Turnover as a Sustainability Issue. Available http//www. csrm. uq. edu. au/docs/MCApaperTurnover1. pdf. Last accessed 7 January 2012.Zhou Jiang. (2009). Total Reward Strategy A Human Resources Management Strategy Going with the Trend of the Times. International Journal of Business and Management. 4 (11), 179. David Beswick, University of Melbourne. (2007). Management implications of the interaction between intrinsic motivation and extrinsic rewards. Available http//www. beswick. info/psychres/management. htm. Last accessed 8 January 2012. Nadia Sajjad Hafiza, Syed Sohaib Shah, Humera Jamsheed, Khalid Zaman. (2011). RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REWARDS AND EMPLOYEES MOTIVATION IN THE NON-PROFIT. Available http//www. aycocorpora tivo. com/saycoUK/BIJ/journal/Vol4No2/Article_11. pdf. Last accessed 8 January 2012. Michael Silverman, Peter Reilly. (N d). How Flexible is Total Reward?. Available http//www. employment-studies. co. uk/pdflibrary/mp24. pdf. Last accessed 8 January 2012. Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R. Schuster. (2004). TOTAL REWARDS PEOPLE WANT MORE THAN MONEY. Available http//www. schuster-zingheim. com/docs/Total_Rewards_People_Want_More_Than_Money. pdf. Last accessed 8 January 2012. Hroot. (2007). WorldatWork Total Rewards Model Strategies to Attract, Motivate and Retain Employees.Available http//www. hroot. com/contents/57/89011. html. Last accessed 8 January 2012. Awards. http//www. awards. co. za8000/images/documents/AAGroup%20Total%20Rewards. pdf. n d. (accessed celestial latitude 21, 2011). eHow . http//www. ehow. com/facts_5687820_total-rewards_. html. 1999. (accessed December 21, 2011). Employement studies. n d. http//www. employment-studies. co. uk/pdflibrary/mp24. pdf (accessed Decembe r 2011). J. A. J Aaronson . Managing Staff Turnover. 25 December 2010. http//www. aboutemployeebenefits. co. uk/managing-staff-turnover. tml (accessed January 7, 2012). OSP . Total Rewards (2003)http//www. osp. state. nc. us/ /total%20rewards%2 . 2003. (accessed December 21, 2011). Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R. Schuster. Pay It Forward. 2002. http//www. schuster-zingheim. com/docs/Pay_It_Forward. pdf (accessed December 22, 2011). Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R. Schuster. Total Rewards. 2000. http//www. schuster-zingheim. com/docs/Total_Rewards. pdf (accessed December 27, 2011). Patricia K. Zingheim and Jay R. Schuster. Total Rewards. 2002. http//www. schuster-zingheim. com/docs/Total_Rewards. pdf

Ecn 3000 Homework

Harris ECN 3000 Homework 1b. Use the following information to answer questions 1-13 below. Two countries, Athens and troy, assign two proficients, ships and forage, according to the following exertion functions 1 ship = 4 capital + 2 labor 1 food = 1 capital + 3 labor. Athens has 200 units of capital and speed of light units of labor avail adequate to(p) to produce ships and food. Troy has 100 units of capital and 150 units of labor available to produce ships and food. 1. Which good is capital intensive in mathematical product? Ship 2. Which good is labor intensive in production? Food 3.In which country is capital relatively superabundant? Athens 4. In which country is labor relatively abundant? Tory 5. Based on your answers to 1 4 and using the Heckscher-Ohlin hypothesis, which country should specialize in the production of which good? Why? According to Heckscher-Ohlin hypothesis, countries will export products that utilize their abundant and cheap factors of production and import products that utilize the countries scarce factors. As I verbalize before, Athens is capital relatively abundant, Tory is labor relatively abundant. When a thing is abundant, it becomes cheap.Thus, Athens should specialize in the production of ship, and Troy should specialize in the production of food. 6. Calculate the limits of production for Athens and Troy. The limits of production for Athens 200/4=50 ships or 100/3=33 foods. The limits of production for Troy 100/4=25 ships or 150/3=50 foods. 7. Calculate the domestic term of trade for Athens and Troy in terms of 1 ship. . 8. Based on your answer to question 7, which country should specialize in the production of which good? Why? Athens MRT=0. 66 and Troys MRT=2. So we can know Athens has comparative advantage in ship, and Troy has comparative advantage in food.Thus, Athens should specialize in the production of ship, and Troy should specialize in the production of food. 9. Draw the production possibilities curves for ea ch country based on your answers to questions 6 and 7. Athens 42 33 PPC CPC 0 25 50 Ships Tory 50 25 CPC PPC 0 25 38 50 Ships 10. Supposing that Athens and Troy agree to trade ships and food at an international terms of trade of 1, what observation can you make about their relative demands for ships and food?Which country experiences the greater gains from trade? 1 ship is exchanged 1 food on condition that they agree to trade ships and food at an international term of trade of 1. Athens should trade 12. 5 ships to Troy, and Troy should trade 8. 5 foods to Athens. Troy will experience the greater gains from trade. 11. Draw the consumption possibilities curve for each country on the same graph you drew for question 9. 12. cogitate Athens wants to consume only 25 ships. How many food will it be able to consume? How many ships and how many food would Troy be able to consume?If Athens wants to consume only 25 ships, 58 foods will it be able to consume. 50 ships, 25 foods should Troy be able to consume. 13. Now, assume that only Athens discovers a new technology that allows it to produce ships using 1. 5 capital and 1 labor. What would be the effect on the radiation pattern of trade between the two countries? Explain. Based on your assumption, Athens will decrease the cost of the ships. Then, the limits of production for Athens 100/1=100 ships or 100/3=33 foods. Athens maybe experiences the greater gains from trade.However, the demand of Troy cannot be ignored. Troy may not consume that many ships. 14. envisage that instead of trading goods, Athens and Troy decide to trade 50 units of Athens capital for 25 units of Troys labor. How would the countries relative welf be be affected? If this supposition were true, after Athens and Troy trade capital and labor, they will have same number of capital and labor. Then, the trades between these two countries are unnecessary. They can produce their own goods. Foods Foods

Australian Concepts: the Merry Go Round in the Sea

Australia during the war cartridge holder. The concept of Australia from the view request of six year old Rob Coral at the pouch of The spinning top in the Sea, is not actually about the country itself, but one that Is solely based upon his Immediate surroundings. The security of his family and of the land that Is his home, are the things that provide him with base hit and identity. He thought, often, of himself, of who he was, and why. He would think I am Australian, and wonder why. How had he come to be Rob Coral, living in this town? This cite is taken from the beginning of the book. Here Rob is cost and often struggles to define his own Identity. The continual presence of the large Nameplates clan that he belongs to is very important, as it signifies, what Rob comes to believes, is his place in the world. This quote is an example of the shelter and protection Rob feels with family. After that, the boy tabped listening to his mothers warnings of doom. But because no mischanc e was possible which she would not have foreseen, he felt secure with her, he felt that she could thwart any danger, except the one danger he genuinely devotioned, which was made up of time and change and fragmentary talk of war.Rob is engrossed in Geraldine, his home. The single connection with the outdoors world he has Is of the war, which links to him scarcely because of his cousin and Idol, kink, and having to move homes every now and then. The importance and value of close family bonds is a fundamental Australian belief that is still held today. Family is where we draws our base set of value and beliefs, and the buy at visits and gatherings Rob shares with his tens of aunts, uncles, grandparents and cousins Is one of the elements that define his world.Australia is depicted in hundreds of literary texts by images of the bush and outback. The landscape portrayed in most of the fabrication is set in to a greater extent rural areas of Australia. Randolph Stow, the author, goe s into a large amount of detail describing the scenery with Its sights, smells and sounds, as demonstrated by the following quote In the summersets along the ironic creek that wound almost to the river at Install, cockatoos swirled alike(p) torn paper, catching the light. Rising from one tree, they flashed and screeched across the tiger striped sky to another, a dope of a mile away.They Infested the tree like migratory fruit-blossom, flapping, tearing, and relining. Almost all of the descriptions are positive, planting the land In a beautiful and attractive light. The frequent mention of native animals and plants, FIFO together Walt ascriptions AT ten vastness Ana emptiness AT ten eternal Is unleaded Australian. Robs life throughout the novel splays around school, the beach and most importantly, his cousin release. It is the relationship between the two that supports the entire novel.The effect of Ricks character is complicated, as we see him largely through Robs point of view. being absent for half the book, his character can be official to grasp. While Rob adores and dollies Rick, the adults in the family are continually criticizing him after his return from the war. Rick was immature. He was lazy. He was a narcissist. He used dirty language. He had stayed at the very bottom of the army. He refused to be a farmer. He talked like Hitler about the Bomb. He looked bored and miserable when he was with people Rob liked Before leaving for War, Rick had been a golden boy, but he never lived up to the familys expectations in the extirpate. Although the war had a shattering effect on Rick, both physically and psychologically, it was this that lead to the development of his character his loss of naturalness and carefree attitude. He came home a changed man. While Ricks best fri halt Huge, whom he meets in the War, has managed to put the impressions of the War and its impact behind him and move on with life, memories of War continue to haunt Rick long after he returns home.Although this change in Ricks character is obvious to young Rob, he continues to admire his cousin. Quotes from the end of the book Justify this. Robs love for Rick was like an ache in his body, and He (Rob) seems o be trying to turn himself into a carbon write of Rick, Margaret Coral said. Towards the end of the novel, Robs perception of the world, his concept of Australia, has changed. The world the boy had believed in did not, after all, exist. The world and the clan and Australia had been a myth of his mind, and he had been, all the time, an individual. In Ricks words, Families and countries are biological accidents. Rob is forced to question the idea that although everyone comes from a family and country, it doesnt provide us with any identity, and everyone is an individual. As the novel progresses, Rob starts to doubt the beliefs of his family, beliefs that he had never challenged before, mainly due to Ricks actions and reactions after experiencing life so clos e to death, and his decision to leave Australia forever. Look, kid, Rick said, Eve outgrown you. I dont want a family, I dont want a country.Eve grown up, and Im on my own. Rick was turning his back on his home and as Robs idol, forcing Rob to consider a life outside of what he had always known. While a great deal of The Merry- Go- Round in the Sea goes into detail featuring and ascribing the landscape, Summer of the Seventeenth Doll, another popular Australian story, does the opposite. Being a play, the dialogue is the main thing that drives the p sens, but with the novel, a variety of different scenes and settings is easier to portray. Setting in the play consists of only two locations, both indoors.The time periods of both stories are different, with The Merry- Go- Round in the Sea set during the wartime and depression, while Summer of the Seventeenth Doll, a few years after. This contributes to the different behaviors and way of life of the harassers in the stories. The main si milarity between the two texts is the symbols of the kepi doll and merry-go-round. Both are recurring motifs in their own stories. The kepi doll is a model of the relationship between Olive and ROR, two main characters in the play.Unmarried, and taking the chance to see each other for only Twelve months every year, upgrade Is never any progress In tenet relations anon t doll signifies the fragility and artificial bond between them. Olive wants to fete their relationship the way it is, like a teenage romance. The doll is flawless, but its refection is fake. The merry-go-round has similar significance. It too, is a symbol of perfection, of Robs ideal world. At the beginning, it is one of Robs greatest desires to learn how to swim to what he believes is the merry-go-round in the sea, which is really the mast of a sunken shipwreck.When Rob asks his mother, Why? Why cant we go there? , she answers with, Oh- because of the war. This leads him to dislike the war, in addition to it als o taking Rick away and create change in Robs life and home. He imagines that when the war is over, he will swim to the merry-go-round, Rick will return, hell move home, and things will be perfect. However, this is not the case. The last sentence of the novel reflects the change from start to end of the story, and Robs growth towards maturity. He thought of a windmill that had become a merry-go-round in a backyard, a merry-go-round that had been a substitute for another, now ruined merry-go-round, which had been itself a crude address of another merry-go-round most perilously rooted in the sea. The major themes of time and change are shared in both stories. The world would revolve around him (Rob), ND nothing would ever change. He would bring Rick to the merry-go-round, and Aunt Kay, and they would stay there always, spinning and diving and dangling their feet in the water, and it would be today forever. This quote demonstrates Robs aversion to change and times unceasing forward m omentum. He wants everything to be the way it was before Rick went to war, and this is also symbolized by the merry- go-round in the sea. This fear of change is identical to Olives feelings in Summer of the Seventeenth Doll. Even after seventeen years of no change and progress, Olive is tuck in a time warp, wants to keep things the way they are and continue acting like a young adult.She is afraid of commitment and not feeling youthful anymore, causing her to cling on to her young and innocent kepi dolls for security and comfort. Olive (to ROR) l want what I had before. You give it back to me give me back what youve taken. When things start to change in the seventeenth summer, Olive doesnt react well and by the end of the play, she is left with nothing. The tradition of double decomposition reaction, although frequent in other countries as well, is a very rage part of Australia and the bond between its men.The outback man is a famous Australian icon that is incorporated into thousan ds of movies, poems, novels and songs. The strong, very masculine impressions they exude of power, reserve and being one with the land is a famous and commonly used Australian stereotype. Both Rick and ROR in the texts radiate the outback man persona. They are strong, much more physically than mentally and both are very tough. The metathesis between Rick and Huge is very deep, largely because of what they shared through the war.When in a fife and death situation, the trust and loyalty between the men had to be strong, and the experiences they went through together is something neither will forget easily. The skeleton of Hugh McKay lay on the floor. Rick, Hugh said, eupneic painfully. I drank your water. Thats all right. No, no- bastard of a thing to do. Dont be stupid, Rick said. Whats a mate for? This quote reveals how meaningful are on the verge of death. This metathesis is similar to that of ROR and Barneys in Summer of the Seventeenth Doll.Although their bond may not have been as deep, hey still relied on each other a lot during the cane season up North where they worked as cutters. ROR and Barney have the same loyal and got your back attitude, which, even though it comes into question, proves to be strong by the end of the story. While Summer of the Seventeenth Doll is similar to The Merry Go Round in the Seas themes, symbols and characters, the poem, My Country by Throated Mackerel is comparable to the novel through images of Australias landscape. Depictions of its saucer and magnificence are plentiful in both texts.The book concentrates on a mall area of Australia because it is where the action takes place, whilst the poem gives a picture of Australia as a whole. Mackerels attitude in My Country is enthusiastic and positive, while Stows is more restrained. There is similar imagery between the two texts in some descriptions. l love a sunburns country a land of sweeping plains refers to Australias vast, brownish-red land, and its sun drenched weath er. A vision like this is also expressed in the novel. The hills and soils were red- brown and stony, brownish purple in the distance. Australia is often represented by TTS landscape and so it is not common to find that different texts have exposit the country in comparable ways. Stow has masterfully captured the atmosphere of growing up in Australia in the sasss. The concept of Australia explored by the novel has reinforced my perceptions of the land. Its blueprint of the landscape, what it means to be Australian and whether it is possible to outgrow your country has broadened my outlook and even question a few of my own values. It raises profound issues that cause readers to stop and consider what it really means to be Australian.

Psycho Movie Reveiw

The film Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock is a horror film make in 1960. The film As yecch caused a huge total of commotion in 1960 when it was released, it was a calibreisation unlike any other that had ever been made, people were outraged and midtown by this delineation for many reasons. In the photo Psycho a young female takes a large amount of cash fro m her job and leaves town planning to disappear, she is caught in a lowering rain storm and is f arced off the road and finds the nearest motel, Motel Bates.She finds that Motel Bates is compel tell vacant so she stays the night and has dinner with the owner Norman Bates, Norman then eaves and she takes a shower and is brutally stabbed to death in her shower by a woman that app ears to be Normals mother, the rest of the motion-picture show is an about finding the girls killer and figuring o UT what happened. The film Psycho has many great literary, dramatic, and cinematic aspects. The movies plot is genuinely interesting and in the buff and keeps viewers interested the hearty movie e.The movie also uses many great dramatic aspects to keep the viewer in suspense, for example , when the main character is in the shower and we see that the killer is coming but she doesnt expect it. The movie also has many plot twists that a person watching the movie would not expect, such as the ending of the movie. The movie has amazing cinematic effects such as camera a angles that emphasize the scariness or felicitousness of a certain place, object, or person. Some things about the movie Psycho I observe could have been a bit better.O en thing noticed was that the effects were a bit subpart, or could have used work. In the e film, the scene hen the main character is being stabbed the blood is so obviously fake and t he acting was not really great, this made it a big downside for me because it made the movie no t await as real, and I personally like when I feel like movies are real. Also I wish that they would have e lef t the stage setting of Norman Bates a bit more of a mystery in the end of the movie, instead of explaining every little detail. I like when movies leave me query about so meeting, and this movie just did not do that.Irony Malamute like the movie Psycho a lot, by the ending of the movie I was very happy with he movie. I really liked how the movie used a very realistic scenario, It made the whole movie very relatable, like it could possibly happen to me, or someone I know. I also liked how the movie kept me in suspense through the whole thing, it was a very fun movie to watch h, and a very well put together movie. So the two most important things that take me to really like e this movie were how I could really identify with the main character of the movie, and how real sticks the movie was.The other key point that made me really like the movie was how well the vie was put together and how suspenseful it was. In conclusion, really enjoyed the movie psycho. There were many great asps acts of the movie that liked. The movie also had its faults. There were a few things AIBO t the movie that I didnt like, like how unrealistic the effects were, and some scenes the acting w assn that great. The movie Psycho did have a lot of great things too, and overall I really liked the m vie. Would give the film psycho by Hitchcock a 4. 5 out of 5 for a rating because it was a great movie, but it wasnt flawless.

Gender segregation In US Essay

In the recent past, United State has been a victim of gender inequality. For instance, in the colonial era, reading and writing were the essential skills. However, these skills were mainly taught to boys and only privileged girls. This is a clear discrepancy that makes the girls child disadvantaged and thus affects her social development and limit her interaction. One of the most important aspects in human development is the gender-role development. Age between two & six are the essential stage when the children light to learn of the abilities, and gender.In making of toys for playing, the America culture separates toys for girls and boys. The boys will shy from playing with dollies and the girls also fend off playing with tennis balls. This separation affects the social development of the children in many ways. First, the playing styles and behaviors will be centered on the identity I am a Girl or I am a Boy. This spreads to the social context of the family, school, and peer grou p. Most theories of social development highlight other(a) childhood as initial and the essential stage in social development. Much of the learning in this stage occurs by imitation.That is, boys learn to be boys by observing their fathers and girls learn l to be girls by observing their mothers. When children imitate similar sex they tend to be appreciated. However, imitating the opposite sex would attract punishment. This assort leaves a lasting impact on the mind of the children who grow up to believe that girls and boys are various and should be treated differently. This has been the root cause of gender disparity in US. Reference Axtell, J. (1974). Gender-Role information The Development of Sex and Gender. Illinois University of Illinois Press.

Systematic Review Paper

The purpose of this meta-synthesis search was to synthesize a qualitative study performed to soften see the underlying reasons why only a fraction of genus Cancer patients participate in genus Cancer research streaks. The attempt is to explore factors that influence employment in this type of study. Literature in the theme indicates poorly understood service of how patients are enrolled into clinical trials.This systematic review tries to improve the patient decision- devising carry through in participating in cancer clinical trial and to provide Oncology nurses to treat patients with solid mount utilizing evidence based practice (Biedrzycki, 2010). The study was conducted in hope to eliminate misconceptions on the negative feelings of cancer clinical trials. A common misconception is meshing can cause harm instead of cure. The report understandably describes how the variation in research design and methods revealed low percentages of cancer patient participation in previ ous studies.An information specialist assisted with the selection of relevant studies. Data selection was reviewed through PubMed. Patient participation and decision do were topics reviewed. A PRISMA-type flow chart elaborates on the multiple studies reviewed (Biedrzycki, 2010). The criteria for reviewing articles included articles published since 2004. look into from other countries was reviewed and was non confined to the United States.Literature reviewed through the National Institutes of Health (NIH) roadmap for Medical Research, fortified the research by emphasizing important aspects of human research participants and transforming this into clinical research. 62 articles met criteria and 24 articles did not watch the initial criteria. Articles beyond five years provided evidence of inaccurate representation of the current views on patients leave to participate in clinical trials (Biedrzycki, 2010). The research article indicates the sample sizes ranged from 16 to more than 115000 which yield a median=162.The combined sample of participants includes gender, race, and age. Most participants were Caucasian. One study included only Asian women. Ages ranged from 50 to 64 years, median 57. 6 years. Cancer diagnoses were inform in 10 studies, six studies omitted reporting cancer as a diagnosis. Four studies reported advanced cancer. Six studies reported participation in sort I clinical trials. One study reported participation in a phase triple clinical study. The rest of the studies did not report the phase of trials. There is no indication whether follow up was done with the original reporter to clarify missing information (Biedrzycki, 2010).The criteria used to appraise the research consisted of decision-making process, communication, educational interventions, perceptions, benefits and burdens, quality of life, reasons for declining participation, knowledge, relative health stock, timing of consent, satisfaction, and decisional regret. Most studies f ocused on decision making, however long dozen studies described multiple aspects of cancer clinical trial participation. Some studies focused on the psychosocial consequences of clinical trial decision making.This data was appraised by several research team members (Biedrzycki, 2010). Decision-making instruments included the Llewellyn-Thomas, an unnamed instrument and the Homes-Rovner et al. cheer with Decision Scale. Other instruments included the Understanding of Clinical Trials by Joffe et al. and The Decisional Regret Scale and the Karmonos Accrual analytic thinking System. Most studies did not report psychometric measures and almost all studies used one question to assess willingness, sideline or knowledge about cancer clinical trials (Biedrzycki, 2010).Data analysis is presented in table format. set back 1 consists of factors reflecting the rigor of the studies reviewed. Table 2 consists of measures of decision making used in the studies reviewed and Table 3 lists streng ths, limitations, and key points of the studies reviewed. The studies were mainly descriptive, consisting of mixed-methods design. Three studies tested an educational intervention and two studies used an experimental design. 50% of the studies did not report timing of the research in relation to the decision regarding clinical trial participation (Biedrzycki, 2010).During meta-analysis, response rates varied by type of measure and study design, only 50% reported response rates (range = 21% 95%, median=71%. 29% declined participating because they had no interest and 24% declined with no reason given. One major reason people declined to participate was because they had no accession or could not use a computer. Multiple time measures were conducted in decision regret, it was remark that responses were decreased (Biedrzycki, 2010). The process used to pool the data together was clinical trial decision making.The main factors influencing this process consist of patient, provider, and treatment. Two studies specifically explored decision making by the patient. Education requirements impacted decision making since understanding the risks and benefits of clinical trials was the most important factor taken into consideration by the patient. Educational interventions were noted to have increased patient enrollment. (Biedrzycki, 2010). If the patient found the education from the provider to be coercive, treatment was considered a burden.Time and travel also posed an inconvenience on the patient since it adversely affected quality of life and therefore deterred patients from cancer clinical trials. On a positive note, studies reported factors associated with positive decision making outcomes. Positive decision making included being more spiritual, younger, and having more advanced cancer, and having a undecomposed understanding of the education received. Several other aspects were indicated as positive decision making outcomes when providers introduced user-friendly systems (Biedrzycki, 2010).The capital focus of the study was accepting or declining clinical trial participation. The secondary focus was decision-making and the silent variable star was the influence on clinical trial participation. All criteria were elegantly spelled out in form of charts and tables. judge 1 included factors associated with the decision to participate in a cancer clinical trial. Figure 2 revealed factors associated with a positive decision making outcome (Biedrzycki, 2010). A factor that was clearly noted as missing was a review on the process by which patients decide on whether or not to participate in clinical research trial.Components of the decision making preferences have not been determined. Consenting for a research process is autonomous and the current health care system does did not provide sufficient accomplishment opportunities for the patient to acquire enough information to make an adequate informed consent. When the patient lacks this knowledge a nd the healthcare provider lacks the understanding of the patients values, it is difficult for the patient to want to participate in clinical trials (Biedrzycki, 2010).The reviewers concluded that future research is needed for continuation of exploring the reasons for lack of cancer patients participation in clinical research trials. The need for sound construct for decision making can prepare nurses and healthcare workers to understand the cancer patients values and to provide education that may enhance knowledge and change interventions, and improve cancer clinical trial participation (Biedrzycki, 2010).

Book Review: the Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains by Nicholas Carr Essay

Many argon still quoting from Nicholas Carrs 2008 Atlantic article Is Google make Us Stupid? Here in The Shallows What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains, he elaborates to illustrate precisely how the Internet changes our lives. on the way, Carrs highly entertaining obligate reminds us of how the great thinkers of past centuries did just fine without a hyperlinked database of all the worlds knowledge at hand.In the 21st century, we be facing the consequences of our confuse and scattered society, and we make choices about the impact of technology, weighted with assumptions about the nature of knowledge and intelligence. The Shallows What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains presents a thoughtful, if frightening, look at what were doing to ourselves.We learn to take in teaching the way the Internet distributes it, in a swiftly moving stream of take aparticles. At best we skim the surface, rather than go dense into information, and our fragmented journey results in lack of conce ntration and comprehension.Pay attention as the fountain cites his hold difficulties with reading and that of others who find problems with their powerfulness to read and absorb. Sadly untold of our reading has become skimming and scrolling.In just twenty years, since the webs graphical browser was created, the Internet has become the communication and information medium of choice. Those of us who grew up in an analog youth can still remember when AOL was the outmatch consumer choice for web use. Do you remember AOLs weekly allotment of a limited add up of web surfing?Carr colors his analysis with interesting stories and profiles of some of the worlds greatest thinkers and writers, including Socrates and Plato. He reaches far back in time to bring us a full understanding of the exploitation of human intellect over centuries.In the late 19th century, when first using a typewriter, Nietzsche rapidly found a difference in his work when not using paper and pen. Our writingequipm ent takes part in the forming of our thoughts.The Shallows illustrates that every technology is an expression of human will and changes how we think. The typewriter, sextant, globe, book pertlyspaper and computer are all tools for self-expression, our identity and relations with others.In Chapter Four, The Deepening Page, Carr creates an interesting parallel mingled with todays technology divide and Johannes Gutenbergs printing press invention, developed in the mid-15th century. While it was as telephone exchange an event as the Internet is today, it too was out of reach for the poor, illiterate, isolated or incurious. The biggest difference between the printing press and the web today, other than speed, is the webs bi-directional communication ability. Yet, Carr quotes Marshall McLuhan stating, A new medium is never an addition to an old one. Nor does it leave the old one in peace.Today, when a printed book is transferred to an electronic device connected to the Internet, it tur ns into something very like a web site, says Carr. Yet, he reflects on what this means, when the ability to continually update a book removes the sense of closure from book writing. He raises the question of whether an authors pressure to achieve perfection will diminish, along with artistic rigor that pressure imposed.The Jugglers Brain, Chapter Seven, should be mandatory reading for us to understand effects of technology in the school system, after(prenominal) a decade of using hypertext on computer screens instead of printed pages. Over time, it was apparent that evaluating links and navigating paths was mentally challenging, and extraneous to the act of reading. Studies readily determined that hypertext increases readers cognitive load and is more than than the average reader is commensurate of handling and remembering.As skimming becomes our dominant mode of reading, we as a society and individually, pay a price. With lessened comprehension and compulsive multitasking, wer e easily distracted, compounding our problems. As Carrsays, The Net is making us smarter, in other words, only if we define intelligence by the Nets own standards.Do yourself a favor and turn off your browser and email while you read the section on attentiveness. It points to a problem many of us experience without understanding, thinking were faced with too much information. The reality may be that changes in our brains, as we use the web, turn us into shallow thinkers.The Shallows is more than a report on the current state of technology in society. The greatest problem is the more we use the web, the more we train our brain to be distracted to process information very quickly and very efficiently but without sustained attention. Its worth reading this book to remind ourselves that we are responsible for the priorities we set and the choices we make.Reviewers note In the complexity of todays technology, and as proof of the melodramatic changes the simple act of reading a book, Th e Shallows is available in hardcover, as well as a Kindle edition, audio book, CD, Audible Audio edition, cassette and MP3. Such is the reality in the modern world.

Professionals in an IT Organization

The twentieth century has heightened the age of information technology (IT). Many professions were created to cater to the need to develop more technologies that leave alone carry free exchange of information among users and consumers. Institutions and disposals also par all(prenominal)eled the development by organizing their own IT subdivisions composed of IT professionals. Basically, this department takes c are of the information and technological needs of the company that involves programming and computers.Some of the professions and their job descriptions are outlined below. development Systems Managers. Because of the development of newer technologies, competitive Information Systems Manager has become more essentials in planning for the emerging of the organization especially that almost all of the processes now involve computer programming, Internet support and security operations. Managers are in-charge of the overall planning and development of the organizations needed programs, networks or computer softwares that should be incorporated in the systems.They also manage all resources and systems within the organization and works with their subordinates in the implementation of the plans and designs. Typically, those graduates of masters degree of two information and business management qualify for the job. estimator Programmers. One of the most valuable assets of IT organizations is the programmers. They have the marbles to design programs and systems that will facilitate the information and data processes of the organization. After the planning, they hold the mind, the codes and access and security of the ideal organization.They engineer every program and instruct computers of their functions. They are in-charge of the development, streamlet and re-test of the programs in the companies systems. Computer Scientists and Database Administrators. If programmers do the effective development of programs, the computer scientists conceptualize and theorize the implications of the programs in the companies systems. They take care of the researches of possible errors of the programs in the future and other developments that may occur in the business.They also develop systems that ensure computer-user efficiency. On the other hand, Database Administrators, as the title connotes, are in-charge of gathering all the data needed for a program to function. It is their duty to guaranty that communication systems like Wide Area Network (WAN) and Local Area Network (LAN) are carrying into action for the benefit of the company. They are also in-charge of the website content of the company, if there is one, and do every necessary research it entails. Computer Software Engineers.Unlike the computer programmers, software engineers jobs are more specific to analyzing user needs and designing, constructing, testing, and maintaining computer applications software or systems. They are also geared toward troubleshooting technical glitches in t he programs that need restoration. The above professions may already be sufficient for a company to employ however, these people also need a group under them that is why some companies consider employing technical availants and database specialists.Technical assistants usually are in-charge of the hardware functions of the company. They ensure that all the hardwares being used are functioning efficiently and regularly updated according to the needs of the programs and softwares. They also assist in the installation of the programs and other technicalities like cables for LAN and WAN. Data Specialists, on the other hand, assist in the encoding of specific data needed in the completion of programs or raw data that test the functionality of softwares.

Applications of computers in various fields Essay

Computers involve their application or utility everywhere. We find their applications in almost every sphere of life speci whollyy in fields where computations be collectd to be done at a very troubled speed and where data is so complicated that the human brain finds it difficult to cope up with. As you must be aware, computer now-a-days are being utilizationd almost in every division to do the work at a greater speed and accuracy. They keister clutch the record of all(prenominal) the employees and prepare their pay bill in a matter of minutes every month. They can keep automatic checks on the stock of a particular item.Some of the prominent areas of computer applications are 1)In tourism/B Hotels use computers to speed up billing and checkout the availability of rooms. So is the case with railways and airline reservations for fight tickets. Architects can display their scale models on a computer and study them from various angles and perspectives. Structural problems can n ow be solved quickly and accurately. 2)In Banks /BBanks alike have started using computers extensively. Terminals are provided in the first and the main computer is located centrally.This enables the branches to use the central computer system for information on things such as current balance,deposits, overdrafts, interest charges, etc.3)In Industry/B Computers are finding their greatest use in factories and industries of all kinds. They have taken over the work ranging from monotonous and risky jobs like welding to highly multiplex jobs such as process control. Drills, saws and entire assembly lines can be computerized. Moreover, quality control tests and the manufacturing of products, which require a lot of refinement, are done with the help of computers.4)In Transportation/B Today computers have made it come-at-able for planes to land in foggy and stormy atmosphere also. The aircraft has a variety of sensors, which measure the planes altitude, position, speed, height and di rection. Computer use all this information to keep the plane flying in the accountability direction. In fact, the Autopilot feature has made the work of pilot much easy. 5) In fosterage/B Computers have proved to be excellent get winders. They can possess the knowledge given to them by the experts and teach you with all the patience in the world.You may like to repeat a lesson hundred times, go ahead, you may get tired but the computer will keep on teaching you. Computer found instructions (CBI) and Computer Aided Learning (CAL) arecommon tools used for teaching. Computer based encyclopaedia such as Britannica provide you enormous amount of information on anything. 6)In Entertainment/B Computers are also great entertainers. Many computer games are available which are like the traditional games like chess, football, cricket, etc. Dungeons and dragons provide the opportunity to test your memory and ability to think.Other games like Braino and Volcano test your knowledge. 7)Scien ce solely branches of science, from astronomy to zoology, depend on computers to further their knowledge on increasing the life span of man. The MRI, the PET, and other(a) computer-aided machines help doctors and scientists to better understand the peoples medical needs. 8)Communications using computers will never be complete without using the Internet. This global network of networks have swept the lives of many people as day-to-day tasks become handier, communications more convenient, and most of all, sources of information broader and more accessible.9)Business Computer has changed how we do business. Gone are the days of labor-intensive and manual way of inputting data through ink and paper. Now, with a few taps of keys and a few clicks of the mouse, good and productive business is on its way. 10)Government Government offices also depend on computers for its basic needs. From simple letters to the more complicated projects are now being produced through the use of computers. Government agencies and their databases are now interlinked, making it easier for the agencies to monitor economic developments.